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When a chemical reaction absorbs or releases thermal energy, the reaction causes a change in temperature. Read the passage about a chemical reaction that absorbs or releases thermal energy. Then, follow the instructions below.
In 2016, over a third of the electricity used in the United States was generated from natural gas. Natural gas is made up mostly of methane (CH4). Methane reacts with oxygen (O2) to make carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). As the reaction happens, chemical energy is converted to thermal energy, which is released into the surroundings. In power plants, this thermal energy is used to produce electricity.
Complete the statement.
During this chemical recation, the air around the reaction becomes...
Read the passage about a chemical reaction that absorbs or releases thermal energy. Then, follow the instructions below.
Most plastics are made from oil or natural gas. One step in making plastics from these resources is called cracking. Cracking is a process that breaks down bigger molecules into smaller ones. In one cracking reaction, ethane (C2H6) breaks down to become ethylene (C2H4) and hydrogen (H2). During this process, thermal energy is absorbed from the surroundings and converted to chemical energy.
Complete the statement.
During this chemical recation, the air around the reaction becomes...
Read the passage about a chemical reaction that absorbs or releases thermal energy. Then, follow the instructions below.
As part of the Apollo program, 12 astronauts walked on the surface of the Moon between 1969 and 1972. Apollo spacecraft were launched into space using Saturn V, a powerful rocket fueled in part by a mixture of liquid hydrogen (H2) and liquid oxygen (O2). When this mixture is lit, water vapor (H2O) forms and a huge amount of thermal energy flows into the surroundings. This energy carried the spacecraft into orbit.
Complete the statement.
During this chemical recation, the air around the reaction becomes...
Read the passage about a chemical reaction that absorbs or releases thermal energy. Then, follow the instructions below.
To clean their drain pipes, some people make a solution of baking soda and vinegar. Baking soda, also known as sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), reacts with acetic acid (C2H4O2) in vinegar to produce sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2), water (H2O), and carbon dioxide gas (CO2). As the products form, thermal energy is absorbed from the surroundings and converted to chemical energy. The carbon dioxide gas creates bubbles that help clean the inside of the pipes.
Complete the statement.
During this chemical recation, the solution becomes...
Read the passage about a chemical reaction that absorbs or releases thermal energy. Then, follow the instructions below.
The gasoline used in cars today is a mixture of over 1,000 different substances. One of these substances is isooctane (C8H18). In a car engine, isooctane reacts with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). During the reaction, a large amount of thermal energy is released into the surroundings. This thermal energy is used to power the car.
Complete the statement.
During this chemical recation, the car engine becomes...
Read the passage about a chemical reaction that absorbs or releases thermal energy. Then, follow the instructions below.
An antacid is a medicine used to calm an upset stomach. Antacid tablets contain a mixture of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and citric acid (C6H8O7). When a tablet is dissolved in water, these substances react to form sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7), water (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the solution. During the reaction, thermal energy is absorbed from the surroundings. When a person swallows this antacid solution, the sodium citrate can help relieve stomach pain.
Complete the statement.
During this chemical recation, the solutins becomes...
Read the passage about a chemical reaction that causes a change in temperature. Then, follow the instructions below.
Some people use disposable hand warmers to stay comfortable on cold days. A hand warmer is a small pouch that contains powdered iron (Fe), as well as salt and water. When the hand warmer is removed from its packaging, oxygen gas (O2) drifts through small holes in the material of the pouch. In the presence of the salt and water, the oxygen quickly reacts with the iron powder to form ferric oxide (Fe2O3). As the reaction occurs, the temperature of the pouch increases.
Select the true statement.
Read the passage about a chemical reaction that causes a change in temperature. Then, follow the instructions below.
Some chemical substances explode under pressure. One such substance, nitrogen triiodide (NI3), explodes at even the lightest touch! When this happens, the nitrogen triiodide breaks down to form nitrogen (N2) and iodine (I2). As the products form, the air around the reaction becomes extremely hot.
Select the true statement.
Read the passage about a chemical reaction that causes a change in temperature. Then, follow the instructions below.
Why does a wood fire keep you warm? Wood is made up mostly of cellulose (C2H10O5). When it catches on fire, cellulose combines with oxygen (O2) in the air to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). As the wood burns, it creates a hot flame that warms up the air around the wood.
Select the true statement.
Read the passage about a chemical reaction that causes a change in temperature. Then, follow the instructions below.
Dutch chocolate is a special type of chocolate that has a dark color and a mild flavor. It is made by treating chocolate with a solution of water and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). When sodium hydroxide dissolves in water, sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) form in the solution. During this process, the temperature of the solution increases.
Select the true statement.
Read the passage about a chemical reaction that causes a change in temperature. Then, follow the instructions below.
Sal ammoniac, a rare mineral made up of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), is usually found near the vents of active volcanos. To collect samples of sal ammoniac, geologists must work when the weather is dry. If rainwater falls on the sal ammoniac, the mineral quickly dissolves to form a solution of ammonium ions (NH4+) and chloride ions (Cl-). The process of forming the ions cools the solution.
Select the true statement.