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This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
Hydrogen peroxide, a household disinfectant, breaks down into water and oxygen gas over time. Light speeds up this process, so hydrogen peroxide is typically stored in a dark-colored bottle. The bottle's dark coloring blocks light and makes the hydrogen peroxide last longer.
Complete the sentence.
In the chemical reaction, oxygen is a _________ .
This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
Plants make glucose, a sugar they can use for food, through a process called photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants use energy from sunlight to make glucose from water and carbon dioxide. In the process of making glucose, plants also create most of the oxygen in the air we breathe.
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, glucose is a _________ .
This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
To help relieve pain during a dental visit, a dentist may give a patient nitrous oxide. Nitrous oxide is made in factories by carefully heating ammonium nitrate. At 170°C, ammonium nitrate breaks down and forms a mixture of nitrous oxide gas and water vapor. After the mixture is collected, the water vapor is separated from the nitrous oxide gas.
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, ammonium nitrate is ________ .
This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
The Space Shuttle program sent astronauts on 135 missions using a fleet of five shuttles between 1981 and 2011. The engines of each shuttle, like other modern rocket engines, used liquid hydrogen as fuel. When liquid hydrogen combines with liquid oxygen, an enormous amount of energy is released, along with water vapor. The shuttles used this energy to launch into space.
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, oxygen is a _______ .
This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
People have used gunpowder as an explosive for hundreds of years. Gunpowder is a mixture of three different substances: potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur. When these substances are burned together, they release a large amount of heat and gas. In the past, gunpowder was used in muskets and cannons, but today, it is mainly used in fireworks.
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, sulfur is a _________ .
This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
Like people on Earth, astronauts living on the International Space Station need oxygen to survive. Since there is no oxygen in space for the astronauts to breathe, they make oxygen using a process called electrolysis. This process uses electricity to break down water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The hydrogen gas can be removed from the space station or recycled, and the oxygen gas is released into the air that the astronauts breathe.
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, hydrogen is a _________ .
This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
Honeybees make honey from nectar that they collect from flowers. Nectar is a clear liquid that contains a sugar called sucrose. After a bee collects nectar from a flower, chemicals in the bee's body break down the sucrose into a mixture of fructose and glucose, two simpler sugars. The bee then deposits this mixture into a honeycomb and seals the honeycomb with wax.
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, glucose is a _________ .
This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
When the Statue of Liberty in New York City was built in the late 1800s, it was reddish-brown. Today, a green layer, called a patina, covers the statue's surface. This layer formed over time as copper in the statue combined with oxygen and other gases in the air to form the patina.
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, oxygen is a _______ .
This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
People have used gunpowder as an explosive for hundreds of years. Gunpowder is a mixture of three different substances: potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur. When these substances are burned together, they release a large amount of heat and gas. In the past, gunpowder was used in muskets and cannons, but today, it is mainly used in fireworks.
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction potassium nitrate is a ________ .
This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
The Space Shuttle program sent astronauts on 135 missions using a fleet of five shuttles between 1981 and 2011. The engines of each shuttle, like other modern rocket engines, used liquid hydrogen as fuel. When liquid hydrogen combines with liquid oxygen, an enormous amount of energy is released, along with water vapor. The shuttles used this energy to launch into space.
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, water is a ________ .